Apakah maksud pertempuran spektrum AI untuk 5G?

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Apakah maksud pertempuran spektrum AI untuk 5G?

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Menggunakan AI untuk mengawal kesesakan lalu lintas, under the sweeping tide of the city’s intelligent transformation, everyone must have heard more or less. So, use AI to manage invisible data highways?
That’s right, it refers to the same fiery 5G construction.
Hari ini, most readers may already understand the importance of spectrum to 5G, and the way the spectrum is obtained is relatively straightforward, either auction auctions or national distribution licenses. Nowadays, the “grab land” competition of spectrum resources in various countries has already come to an end, and operators are faced with high construction costs. The most urgent task is how to improve the utilization of the spectrum.
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Antaranya, spectrum sharing is regarded as a key way to end the spectrum scarcity. But in the process of time, there are many problems that cannot be ignored. And how will AI affect the footsteps of 5G into reality?

Where is the spectrum sharing difficult?

The first thing to understand is what exactly is spectrum sharing.
To put it simply, the different types of networks can release some of the spectrum resources according to their own business conditions and use them together with other networks. Sebagai contoh, in the early 5G, if you want to split a part of the original 4G spectrum into 5G, it will directly reduce the available spectrum of 4G, and there are not so many 5G terminals. The large probability of allocating the past spectrum is also a waste.
Kemudian, to achieve spectrum sharing in the high, medium and low-frequency bands, the original “4G only” dan “5G onlychannels can transmit data freely without disturbing each other, just like super-running and ordinary cars can be on the same road. Like the shuttle, such a network convergence situation is not able to more effectively alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of the spectrum.

In fact, as early as 2017, 3GPP accelerated the 5G standard, and also introduced 5G NR spectrum sharing research, which included spectrum sharing as an integral part of the 5G standard. But today, spectrum sharing has not been widely promoted.
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(US spectrum allocation map)
It is not the operators who do not give force, but the core reasons for their application difficulties. It is still waiting for the industry to solve them one by one:
The first is a technical challenge. Spectrum sharing means that two wireless communication networks share a common frequency band, but compatibility problems between channels are easy to occur.
Sebagai contoh, 4G is a broadband system, the channel configuration is relatively extensive, and 5G is also a broadband system. There are also various physical channels. To prevent interference between physical channels between the two systems, it is necessary to propose very precisetraffic rulesto avoid Crash.

Pada masa yang sama, more and more coexisting network standards have further increased the difficulty of sharing. In addition to the existing 2G/3G/4G/5G, dan lain-lain., satellite Internet and military systems are also expanding.

As early as 2015, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) released the CBRS band with a bandwidth of 150MHz, allowing other users to use it to alleviate the pressure of scarce spectrum resources and increasing congestion. Namun begitu, network degradation such as 2G/3G is not something that can be done overnight. During this period, how to coordinate the 5G construction with the spectrum supply and demand has become a necessary condition for operators to survive.

What did AI throw thisspecial effect drugto 5G?
After 5G has completed a series of basic preparations, it is time to come to the middle layer of the industry chain, and really think about how to improve operational efficiency, and then achieve double insurance for user experience and business benefits.
In our view, a comprehensive AI algorithm can be the most critical existence to support the 5G network and the real world. At least in spectrum sharing, AI can play three key roles:
One is precise cognition. The premise of managing the usage of the spectrum pool is that it knows the situation of all nodes well, even in a weak environment, it can ensure successful sharing without radio frequency interference to other radio waves. In the past, the detection of energy fluctuations in the electromagnetic spectrum could only be identified by automatic detectors, but these detectors often lacked sufficient discriminating power to confuse or ignore important signals such as radar. AI can improve the recognition accuracy of the detector.
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Not long ago, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) trained eight deep learning algorithms to identify nearly 15,000 60-second radar signal spectrograms.

The second is intelligent scheduling. Situasi kewujudan bersama pelbagai sistem juga menjadikan perubahan puncak tempat liputan trafik rangkaian lebih sukar untuk diramalkan. Algoritma pintar boleh melaraskan semula kapasiti sistem antara 4G dan 5G mengikut permintaan trafik sebenar supaya penyelesaian 5G rangkaian hibrid dapat diselesaikan. Semua peralatan dalam penyelesaian boleh mengekalkan prestasi optimum dari semasa ke semasa.

Sebagai contoh, Penyelesaian CloudAIR Huawei, Perisian perkongsian spektrum Ericsson, menggunakan algoritma penjadualan pintar untuk mencapai kebolehlaksanaan 4G dan 5G berjalan serentak dan atas permintaan pada frekuensi pembawa yang sama.

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Yang ketiga ialah penggunaan yang cekap. Persaingan terakhir pengendali 5G masih dalam inovasi perniagaan. Namun begitu, keperluan pelbagai jenis perkhidmatan untuk penunjuk rangkaian berbeza-beza secara meluas. Akses beransur-ansur IoT besar-besaran juga meletakkan keperluan yang lebih tinggi pada kapasiti tampung pengendali. Untuk menyokong keperluan perniagaan yang pelbagai dan pembangunan aplikasi yang pesat, dan untuk mendapatkan pulangan pendapatan pelaburan daripada pengguna secepat mungkin, adalah penting untuk membantu pengguna mendapatkan pengalaman terbaik 5G dengan mengeluarkan aplikasi dengan cepat dengan keupayaan penggunaan AI yang cekap.

Semuanya, dalam pertempuran untuk spektrum 5G ini, penggunaan AI untuk mencapai pengurusan yang diperhalusi, cadangan ini sedang menunggu reka bentuk teratas, pengendali, pembekal infrastruktur, pemaju dan pengamal lain untuk bekerjasama untuk membina.

Di manakah peluang industri masa hadapan?

Bukan mudah untuk melakukan operasi yang lebih baik pada sistem komunikasi yang membawa berbilion-bilion netizen. Namun begitu, masalah juga bermakna peluang.
Siapa yang boleh memimpin dalam permainan tangkapan teknologi perkongsian spektrum ini, adalah jelas bahawa kumpulan pertama lombong emas revolusi 5G akan digali oleh peranan "tukang air".Pada masa ini, nampaknya peluang-peluang itu lebih cenderung untuk muncul dalam bidang tersebut, satu ialah infrastruktur rangkaian awan.

Oleh kerana keperluan perkhidmatan pengendali yang berbeza tidak konsisten dalam masa, angkasa lepas, dan kekerapan, adalah perlu untuk mewujudkan antara muka yang dikongsi antara berbilang pengendali’ spektrum untuk bertukar maklumat dan merundingkan peraturan perkongsian spektrum, tetapi beroperasi dalam hubungan kompetitif. Antara peniaga tidak akan bersedia untuk berinteraksi dengan maklumat sensitif yang lebih terperinci, kemudian bagaimana untuk mengawal sumber spektrum berdasarkan maklumat kabur? Hari ini kita tahu bahawa banyak fungsi AI telah disepadukan ke dalam awan, dan awan dalam talian teras boleh mencapai penyepaduan pelbagai dimensi pengendali’ sumber antara muka udara, yang menjadi trend zaman.

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Yang lain ialah Internet Perkara yang umum merentas terminal.

Seperti yang kita tahu, dalam transformasi pintar Internet industri dan rangkaian kereta, adalah perlu untuk mewujudkan sambungan yang stabil antara sistem berbilang rangkaian dan berbilang terminal. Ia boleh dikatakan bahawa ia adalah pos luar aplikasi 5G dan bidang percubaan perkongsian spektrum. Pada masa ini, the policy has already planned to allocate some new frequency bands to support its development. Pada masa yang sama, under the premise of ensuring no radio interference, the three operators are also using the existing network to carry out the NB-IoT (narrowband Internet of Things) test. Future broadband system frequency sharing and management methods may be the first to be born in this field, and the industry itself has the opportunity to taste the 5G sweetness first.

The battle for spectrum may also extend to the more distant 6G construction. While spectrum sharing really comes to reality from the technical blueprint, the support of the AI industry is indispensable. And we are also in the trajectory of the city’s smart upgrade step by step, and gradually see the direction.

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